What is Acid Reflux?
If you are wondering what is acid reflux, then you have come to the right place. In this article, you will find out exactly what acid reflux is, the difference between reflux and heartburn, and common causes and remedies for acid reflux.
What Is Acid Reflux?
Acid reflux refers to the backwards flow of the stomach’s contents into the esophagus. Under normal circumstances, food and drink go down the esophagus, pass through a one-way valve and enter the stomach.
The entrance to the stomach from the esophagus is normally sealed by a ring of smooth muscle known as the lower esophageal sphincter (LES for short), which normally ties off the stomach like a cinch.
Acid reflux occurs when this muscle does not function properly and the contents of the stomach are no longer restricted. This can happen for a variety of reasons.
This presents a problem as the esophagus does not have the same protective coating as the stomach. As a result, stomach acid that leaks into the esophagus causes pain, discomfort, and even damage to the esophagus.
What is the Difference Between Heartburn and Acid Reflux
The main difference between heartburn and acid reflux is that heartburn is just a symptom of acid reflux. Heartburn refers to a burning pain in the chest and is the hallmark symptom of acid reflux. As a result, many laypersons use the terms interchangeably.
However, reflux can occur without any heartburn. Another common reflux symptom is burping accompanied by a sour or bitter taste. Following one or repeated episodes of acid reflux, coughing, a sore throat, or difficulty swallowing.
Causes of Acid Reflux
Anything that inhibits the LES’ ability to create a 1-way valve at the junction of the esophagus and stomach can lead to acid reflux and heartburn. Numerous things can lead to this, including
- Irritating foods (see acid reflux foods to avoid for a list)
- Obesity (which may pressure the LES)
- Overeating (which may pressure the LES)
- Recent abdominal surgery (chronic acid reflux may be the result of complications due to abdominal surgery)
- Nicotine and Tobacco Products (nicotine may cause the LES to relax and stimulate the production of stomach acid)
- Coffee (may increase production of stomach acid)
- Alcohol (can cause gastritis and lead to acid reflux for several days)
- Gastritis (stomach inflammation)
- Certain medications (ask your doctor about the side effects of your prescription medication)
What To Do About Acid Reflux
One of any of the above factors can lead to acid reflux. Now that you know what is acid reflux, you will likely want to do something about it. For reducing your occasional episode of heartburn, see our article on heartburn remedies for natural home remedies to stop heartburn.
If you experience acid reflux two time a week (or more frequently), you will want to talk to your doctor about your symptoms. For more information, you can read our article on acid reflux treatment.
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